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UC 356×406×340 vs W 14X233

UC 356×406×340 is an UC section from the UK Blue Book (SCI P363); W 14X233 is the closest equivalent in the American AISC Shapes Database. W 14X233 carries more bending: 7144.8 cm³ of plastic modulus against 7000 cm³, 2.0% more. They weigh essentially the same, 339.9 kg/m and 346.7 kg/m. Both are about 406 mm deep, so either fits the same construction zone.

Section properties side by side. Bold marks the more favourable value where one is.
PropertyUC 356×406×340
UC
W 14X233
W
Difference
Mass339.9 kg/m346.7 kg/m-2.0%
Depth406.4 mm406.4 mmsame
Width403 mm403.9 mm-0.2%
Web thickness26.6 mm27.2 mm-2.2%
Flange thickness42.9 mm43.7 mm-1.8%
Area433 cm²441.9 cm²-2.0%
Second moment, major (Iy)123,000 cm⁴125,286 cm⁴-1.8%
Plastic modulus, major (Wpl,y)7,000 cm³7,144.8 cm³-2.0%
Elastic modulus, major (Wel,y)6,030 cm³6,145.1 cm³-1.9%
Second moment, minor (Iz)46,900 cm⁴47,867 cm⁴-2.0%
Plastic modulus, minor (Wpl,z)3,540 cm³3,621.5 cm³-2.3%
Radius of gyration, minor (iz)10.4 cm10.41 cm-0.1%
Torsion constant (It)2,340 cm⁴2,477 cm⁴-5.5%

UC 356×406×340 to BS EN 10365:2017; W 14X233 to AISC Shapes Database v16.0. Difference is expressed relative to W 14X233.

How to choose between them

On stiffness, W 14X233 has the larger second moment of area: 125,286 cm⁴ against 123,000 cm⁴, a difference of 1.8%. This matters more often than the strength comparison, because on normal floor spans deflection rather than bending capacity sets the beam size - so if the two are close on modulus but apart on inertia, the stiffer one is usually the better answer even when it is not the stronger one.

Measured as bending capacity per kilogram, the two are equally efficient (20.6 against 20.6 cm³ per kg/m), so on a pure steel-tonnage basis there is nothing to choose between them. The decision comes down to availability, connection detailing and what the rest of the frame uses.

These come from different catalogues, so treat the swap as a design change rather than a like-for-like substitution. UC sections are specified to BS EN 10365:2017 and W to AISC Shapes Database v16.0; the steel grades, tolerances and available lengths differ, connection details and bolt gauges are set out differently, and the two are rarely both stocked in the same market. Check availability before changing a section on a drawing to save a marginal amount of weight.

In short, W 14X233 is the stronger section and UC 356×406×340 is the lighter one; where those are the same section, it is the clear choice, and where they are not, decide on whether your design is governed by capacity or by tonnage.

Common questions

W 14X233 is the stronger of the two in bending, with a plastic modulus of 7144.8 cm³ against 7000 cm³ - 2.0% more. At the same steel grade that translates directly into moment capacity, since M_pl,Rd = W_pl x f_y / gamma_M0.

Neither meaningfully: UC 356×406×340 is 339.9 kg/m and W 14X233 is 346.7 kg/m. On a tonnage basis they cost the same.

Structurally it is the closest equivalent we hold: W 14X233 gives 7144.8 cm³ of plastic modulus and 125,286 cm⁴ of inertia against 7000 cm³ and 123,000 cm⁴. But they are from different catalogues (BS EN 10365:2017 and AISC Shapes Database v16.0), so this is a design change, not a drop-in swap: re-check deflection, connection detailing and local availability.

W 14X233, with a second moment of area of 125,286 cm⁴ against 123,000 cm⁴ (1.8% more). Deflection under a uniform load goes as 5wL⁴/384EI, so it is inversely proportional to I - on a span where the deflection limit governs rather than strength, this is the number that decides the section.

Related comparisons

W 12X252 vs UC 356×406×340
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