| Standard | Title | Reference Tools | Reference Table |
|---|---|---|---|
| EN 1993-1-1 | General rules and rules for buildings | - | - |
| EN 1993-1-2 | Structural fire design | - | - |
| EN 1993-1-3 | Cold-formed thin-gauge members and sheeting | - | - |
| EN 1993-1-4 | Stainless steels | - | - |
| EN 1993-1-5 | Plated structural elements | - | - |
| EN 1993-1-6 | Strength and stability of shell structures | - | - |
| EN 1993-1-7 | Plated structures subjected to out of plane loading | - | - |
| EN 1993-1-8 | Design of joints | - | |
| EN 1993-1-9 | Fatigue | - | - |
| EN 1993-1-10 | Material toughness and through-thickness properties | - | - |
| EN 1993-1-11 | Design of structures with tension components | - | - |
| EN 1993-1-12 | High strength steels | - | - |
| EN 1993-2 | Steel bridges | - | - |
| EN 1993-3 | Towers, masts and chimneys | - | - |
| EN 1993-4 | Silos, tanks and pipelines | - | - |
| EN 1993-5 | Piling | - | - |
| EN 1993-6 | Crane supporting structures | - | - |
What this standard covers
EN 1993 (Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures) is the European standard for structural steelwork. It covers members in tension, compression, bending and combined actions, the stability of frames, and the design of bolted and welded connections.
EN 1993-1-1 gives the general rules for buildings: cross-section classification, resistance of cross-sections, buckling of members, and the global analysis of frames including second-order effects. EN 1993-1-8 covers joints; EN 1993-1-2 fire; EN 1993-1-5 plated elements; EN 1993-1-10 material toughness and through-thickness properties; and further parts cover bridges, towers, silos, tanks and piling.
Cross-section classification is central to the whole approach: the width-to-thickness ratios of a section decide whether it can develop its plastic moment, only its elastic moment, or something less because a plate element buckles locally first. That classification then determines which resistance formulae and which method of global analysis may be used.
What you will find in it
- Cross-section classification
- Classes 1 to 4 from the width-to-thickness ratios of the plate elements, which decide whether plastic, elastic or reduced resistance applies.
- Tension and compression
- Resistance of tension members on gross and net sections, and flexural buckling of compression members through the buckling curves.
- Bending and lateral-torsional buckling
- Bending resistance, and the reduction that applies when the compression flange is unrestrained over a length.
- Combined actions
- Interaction of axial force, shear and bending, including the beam-column interaction checks that usually govern frame members.
- Frame stability
- Second-order effects, imperfections and the distinction between sway and non-sway frames in global analysis.
- Bolted connections
- Bolt resistances in shear, tension and bearing, preloaded and non-preloaded assemblies, and end and edge distance requirements.
- Welded connections
- Fillet and butt weld resistance, effective throat and length, and the design of weld groups.
- Joint behaviour
- Classification of joints as nominally pinned, rigid or semi-rigid, and the component method used to determine resistance and stiffness.
When to use this standard
Use EN 1993 for steel member and connection design under the Eurocodes, with actions from EN 1991 combined under EN 1990. For a composite steel-concrete beam or column, EN 1994 governs instead; in Vietnam the corresponding national standard is TCVN 5575.
How it fits with the other standards
Actions are taken from EN 1991 and combined under EN 1990. Composite members go to EN 1994, cold-formed sections to EN 1993-1-3, seismic design to EN 1998, and foundations to EN 1997. Fabrication and erection tolerances are covered by EN 1090.
What each part covers
- EN 1993-1-1
- The general part, and the one used on almost every steel building: cross-section classification, resistance of cross-sections, member buckling, and the global analysis of frames including second-order effects. Start here unless the structure is a special type.
- EN 1993-1-2
- Structural fire design. Gives the reduction in strength and stiffness of steel with temperature, and how to verify a member for a required fire resistance period, with or without protection.
- EN 1993-1-3
- Cold-formed members and sheeting. Thin-gauge sections buckle locally and distortionally in ways hot-rolled sections do not, so they need the effective-width treatment given here rather than the rules of Part 1-1.
- EN 1993-1-4
- Stainless steel. The stress-strain curve is rounded rather than sharply yielding and the material work-hardens, so resistance and deflection are treated differently from carbon steel.
- EN 1993-1-5
- Plated structural elements. Covers plate buckling in slender webs and flanges - shear buckling, patch loading and the effective cross-section of Class 4 members. Needed for plate girders and fabricated sections.
- EN 1993-1-6
- Strength and stability of shell structures. The buckling of curved shells such as tanks, silos and tubular towers, which is imperfection-sensitive and not covered by ordinary member rules.
- EN 1993-1-7
- Plated structures loaded out of plane. Plates carrying pressure or transverse load, as opposed to the in-plane loading of Part 1-5.
- EN 1993-1-8
- Design of joints. Bolted and welded connections: bolt and weld resistances, and the component method for determining the resistance, stiffness and rotation capacity of a joint. This is the part behind most connection design.
- EN 1993-1-9
- Fatigue. Detail categories and the assessment of structures under repeated load - crane runways, bridges and machine supports, where a detail can fail well below its static capacity.
- EN 1993-1-10
- Material toughness and through-thickness properties. How to choose a steel sub-grade so it does not fracture in a brittle way at the lowest service temperature, and how to avoid lamellar tearing in thick material loaded through its thickness.
- EN 1993-1-11
- Structures with tension components. Cables, rods, stays and their anchorages, including pretension and the fatigue of tension elements.
- EN 1993-1-12
- High strength steels. Extends the rules of the other parts to grades above the range covered by Part 1-1.
- EN 1993-2
- Steel bridges. Applies the general rules to bridge structures, with the fatigue, plate and detailing requirements that traffic loading demands.
- EN 1993-3
- Towers, masts and chimneys. Slender structures dominated by wind, where dynamic response and fatigue often govern rather than static strength.
- EN 1993-4
- Silos, tanks and pipelines. Shell structures containing bulk solids or liquids, where the stored contents themselves impose the loading.
- EN 1993-5
- Piling. Steel bearing piles and sheet piles, including driving considerations and the interaction with the surrounding ground.
- EN 1993-6
- Crane supporting structures. Runway beams and their supports, dominated by moving wheel loads, fatigue and the deflection limits that keep a crane running.